so ...that /Such....that

Grammar tip:

So + adjective

Example: You are so beautiful

So + adverb

Example: You look so beautifully today.

Such + noun phrase

Example: You are such a beautiful lady

Exercise 01. Complete the text with so / such

Finland is (1)_______ a nice place to go on winter holidays. The winter there is (2)_______ mild and welcoming! You can do snowboarding, skating, skiing or any other winter sport, there are (3)_______ many possibilities. We found (4)_______ a lovely hotel, and it was (5)_______ a short walk to the skiing slope. Well, winter season in Finland is not (6)_______ cheap as we expected, but we had (7)_______ a great time there. It is (8)_______ tempting to come there every winter, again and again.

Exercise 02. Input so / such in the dialogue situations

1.      Mike: Ann, you are ____ late today, is everything o.k.?

Ann: I’m fine. I’m ____ sorry to make you wait on ____ a hot day.

2.      Luke: Brenda, why do you look ____ utterly surprised?

Brenda: I was told ____ an unexpected story today, Luke.

3.      Sophie: William, it is ____ a generous gift, thank you.

William: It is ____ a great feeling to see your joy.

4.      Dan: It is ____ a nice offer, Bill, but I’ve got plans for the weekend.

Bill: It is ____ upsetting!

5.      Sam: Oh, it is ____ an awkward situation, sorry, Lily.

Lily: Don’t be ____ sorry, it is nothing at all.

6.      David: Philip, sometimes you are ____ persuasive!

Philip: I just wanted your company ____ much today, David

7.      Chris: I’m ____ clumsy, sir! Can you be ____ kind to forgive me?

Seller: It will be ____ nice of you to help me with ____ a mess.

8.      Greg: Why do you always need to be ____ a cruel lady, Kate?

Kate: It is not ____ easy to be nice and hospitable when people around do ____ things as you do.

Exercise 03: Rephrase the sentences to replace such with so and vice versa, depending on the context

Example: It was so lonely there. -> It was such a lonely day there.

1.      You have such a big and comfortable house!

_______________________________________________

2.      Her Swiss watch is so unique and  expensive.

_______________________________________________

3.      She had such a busy preparation for her wedding.

_______________________________________________

4.      Your room is so untidy and not cozy.

_______________________________________________

5.      It was such an obvious decision for you.

_______________________________________________

Keys 

Exercise 01. Complete the text with so / such

Finland is (1)such a nice place to go on winter holidays. The winter there is (2)so mild and welcoming! You can do snowboarding, skating, skiing or any other winter sport, there are (3)so many possibilities. We found (4)such a lovely hotel, and it was (5)such a short walk to the skiing slope. Well, winter season in Finland is not (6)so cheap as we expected, but we had (7)such a great time there. It is (8)so tempting to come there every winter, again and again.

Exercise 02. Input so / such in the dialogue situations

1.      Mike: Ann, you are so late today, is everything o.k.?

Ann: I’m fine. I’m so sorry to make you wait on such a hot day.

2.      Luke: Brenda, why do you look so utterly surprised?

Brenda: I was told such an unexpected story today, Luke.

3.      Sophie: William, it is such a generous gift, thank you.

William: It is such a great feeling to see your joy.

4.      Dan: It is such a nice offer, Bill, but I’ve got plans for the weekend.

Bill: It is so upsetting!

5.      Sam: Oh, it is such an awkward situation, sorry, Lily.

Lily: Don’t be so sorry, it is nothing at all.

6.      David: Philip, sometimes you are so persuasive!

Philip: I just wanted your company so much today, David

7.      Chris: I’m so clumsy, sir! Can you be so kind to forgive me?

Seller: It will be so nice of you to help me with such a mess.

8.      Greg: Why do you always need to be such a cruel lady, Kate?

Kate: It is not so easy to be nice and hospitable when people around do such things like you do.

Exercise 03: Rephrase the sentences to replace such with so and vice versa, depending on the context

 1.      You have such a big and comfortable house!

Your house is so big and comfortable!

2.      Her Swiss watch is so unique and expensive.

She has such a unique and expensive Swiss watch.

3.      She had such a busy preparation for her wedding.

Her preparation for the wedding was so busy.

4.      Your room is so untidy and not cozy.

You have such an untidy and not cozy room.

5.      It was such an obvious decision for you.

This decision was so obvious for you.

Unless

Theme :Education in the world

Unit 3 : Schools, different and alike

Sequence1 :Listen and consider

               Lesson : Language Aspect « Grammar »

                                             Unless 

Unless is an alternative subordinating conjunction for some conditional clauses. It has a negative meaning, often the same as If....... not. Unless can only be used in real conditions.

 If you don’t hurry, you will be late

A         Unless you study hard this term, you are unlikely to pass the exam.

B          If you don’t study hard this term, you are unlikely to pass the exam.

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING UNLESS INSTEAD OF IF ...NOT.

1. If you don’t know the answer to the question, don’t put your hand up.

Unless you know the answers to the question, don’t put your hand up.

2. If it doesn’t rain tonight, we’ll water the trees tomorrow.

Unless it  rains tonight, we’ll water the trees tomorrow.

3. If he doesn’t wear his scarf and his jumper, he will catch a cold.

Unless he wears  his scarf and his jumper, he will not catch a cold.

4. A man can’t join the army if he isn’t in a good health.

A man can’t join the army unless he is in a  good health.

5. If you don’t phone me from London twice a week, I will be really upset.

Unless you  phone me from London twice a week, I will be really upset.

6. If the bridge hasn’t been repaired, we won’t be able to cross the river.

 Unless the bridge has been repaired, we won’t be able to cross the river.

7. We will be late if we don’t take a taxi.

We will be late unless we  take a taxi.

8. If you don’t tell me what’s wrong, I can’t help you.

Unless you  tell me what’s wrong, I can’t help you.

9. If there aren’t any problems with my visa, I’ll be off to New York next month.

Unless there are any problems with my visa, I’ll be off to New York next month.

10. Don’t board the train if you haven’t bought a ticket.

Don’t board the train unless you have bought a ticket.

Reported Speech

Rewrite sentences"A" so that it means the same as "B" 

1.    “I live in a small house near the sea”, she said to me.

She said to me that he lived in a small house near the sea

2.    “I will meet you outside the cinema”, Tom said to Mary.

Tom said to Mary that he  would meet her outside the cinema

3.    “Did you have a nice time at the party?”, she asked me.

She asked me if I had had a nice time at the party.

4.    “Don’t make so much noise!” the teacher told the students.

The teacher told the students not to make so much noise

5.    “I have already done my homework,“ Sarah said.

Sarah said that she had done her homework 

6.    “I went to the zoo last week”, Zack said.

Zack saidthat he had gone to the zoo the week before.

7.    “I was at home at 9 o’ clock yesterday”, Pat said to her friend.

Pat said to her friend that she had been at home at 9:00 the day before

8.    “We can’t find our bags”, they told us.

They told us that they couldn't find their bags 

9.    “Where is the nearest bus station?”, the old woman asked me.

The old woman asked me where the nearest bus was.

10.  “Open the window quickly!”, mum told me.

Mum told me to open the window quickly

11.  “We will come tomorrow”, our friends told us.

Our friends told us that they would come the next day 

12.  “I am doing the washing up now”, mum said.

Mum said that she was doing the washing up at that time

13.  “Can you lend me some money?”, my friend asked me.

My friend asked me if I could lend him some money .

My friend asked me to lend him some money .

14.  “I bought my car last week”, Aunt Helen said to us.

Aunt Helen said to us that she had bought her car the week before.

15.  “Don’t go to that old house alone”, Our neighbour warned us.

Our neighbour warned us not to go to this house alone

16.  “You should stay in bed all day”, the doctor advised me.

The doctor advised me to stay in bed all the day 

17.  “I read a book every week”, she said to me.

She said to me that she read a book every week .

18.  “Do you speak any foreign languages?” he asked me.

He asked me if I spoken any foreign languages.

9.  “Have you ever seen a ghost?” the boy asked the girl.

The boy asked the girl if she had seen a ghost 

Passive Voice

A - Write these sentences in the Passive voice:

1.      Neil teaches many students in Porto.

2.      Joana bakes cakes every day.

3.      My friend repaired my car.

4.      Many students speak English in my class.

5.      The police arrested my best friend.

6.      She finished her homework by eight o´clock.

7.      Nobody repaired this broken table.

8.      Are they typing the letters?

9.      He answered all the questions.

10.  They didn’t tell me the truth.

11.  They smile at the girl as she walks by

12.  They don’t keep the bicycle in the garage.

13.  People speak well of your friend.

14.  Teens think that money is the most important thing in life.

15.  They make robots from strong metal.

16.  Factories use robots because they are reliable.

17.  Robots will never attack human beings.

18.  They had to close that factory because the firm went bankrupt.

19.  Someone made this dress in Spain.

20.  They must blow up part of the tunnel.

21.  They are solving the problem now.

22.  They allowed the students to leave earlier on Thursday.

23.  The police have questioned the suspect.

24.  Lots of people use mobile phones.

25.  They cut the grass this morning.

B – Rewrite the sentences in the passive, using the word(s) provided:

1.      David sold me a ticket for the concert. (I)

2.      They will send him this exam results. (he)

3.      Someone showed me where the art school is. (I)

4.      She hasn’t told us her secret. (Her secret)

5.      Someone recommended them a new restaurant. (A new restaurant)

6.      They will allow her to go out tonight. (she)

7.      Will the teacher ask you any questions? (will you)

8.      My parents have promised me a new skirt for my birthday. (I)

9.      They won’t teach you how to operate. (you)

10.  They are going to pay her a higher salary. (she)

11.  Someone could tell them the truth. (they)

12.  She told me that she didn’t know the answer. (I)

13.  Someone advise him to take an English course. (he)

14.  Someone is teaching her how to behave in class. (she)

15.  Science fiction sometimes gives us a true picture of the future. (We)

16.  They stole me a purse. (I)

17.  They give the oldest director the leader part in the play. (The oldest director)

18.  They denied him access to the secret documents. (He)

19.  They gave him a play station portable. (He)

20.  They offered her a new job. (She)